Primary immune thrombocytopenia refractory to first-line treatment. Case report

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14556292

Keywords:

autoimmune diseases, purpura, preschool child, splenectomy, thrombocytopenia

Abstract

Introduction: primary immune thrombocytopenia is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by a transient or persistent decrease in platelet count with increased risk of bleeding. More than 20 types of treatment have been used to obtain a favorable and prolonged platelet response. The first-line treatment is steroids. Patients who do not respond to steroid treatment are treated with second-line drugs such as rituximab; if the disease progresses refractory to both treatments, splenectomy is indicated.

Case presentation: a 4-year-old patient was seen in the hematology department with hemorrhagic purpuric syndrome and a history of previous admissions for viral and bacterial conditions accompanied by deficiency anemia. Studies are carried out and the diagnosis of primary immune thrombocytopenia is corroborated. Treatment was started with prednisone and intacglobin. Symptoms did not improve and laboratory parameters remained below normal, which caused multiple relapses of the disease. It was decided to change the treatment to dexamethasone, which did not improve symptoms or laboratory parameters. After discussing the case, it was decided to prescribe treatment with rituximab without obtaining a satisfactory response, so it was decided to perform splenectomy.

Conclusions: in the case presented, the follow-up of the diagnostic and treatment protocols for primary immune thrombocytopenia made remission of the disease possible

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Published

2022-11-05 — Updated on 2022-11-05

How to Cite

1.
Vasallo López C, Díaz Morejón L, Rodríguez Jorge B, Díaz de la Rosa C. Primary immune thrombocytopenia refractory to first-line treatment. Case report. CienCiMed [Internet]. 2022 Nov. 5 [cited 2025 May 10];1:e32. Available from: https://ciencimed.sld.cu/index.php/ciencimed/article/view/32